Clinical Epidemiology
Farshad Kakian; Mohammad Ghasemi Palangi; Nahal Hadi
Abstract
Background: Urinary stones are one of the major health problems worldwide and a significant part of referrals to physicians. Also, growing antibiotics resistance is an important concern. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of urinary stones and bacterial strains with antibiotic resistance ...
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Background: Urinary stones are one of the major health problems worldwide and a significant part of referrals to physicians. Also, growing antibiotics resistance is an important concern. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of urinary stones and bacterial strains with antibiotic resistance in women admitted to shiraz, southwest of Iran, from 2014 to 2019. Methods: In this period, all women admitted to the Zeinabieh Hospital were evaluated. The frequency of urinary stones and bacterial strains and antibiogram patterns of bacterial isolates were investigated from 2014 to 2019.Antibacterial susceptibility testing was done by disk diffusion method, fulfilling the standard criteria of “Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility”. Results: Out of 101 isolates, the identified gram-negative bacteria were E. coli (68.3%), Klebsiella (6.9%), Enterobacter (6.9%), Pseudomonas (5%), Proteus (1%), and Acinetobacter (1%). Of gram-positive strains, Coagulase-positive Staphylococci (5.9%), coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CONS) (3%) and Non-Hemolytic Streptococci (2%) were identified. Also, the frequency of urinary tract stones was about 5%. Four cases of kidney stones were associated with E. coli and one case with Klebsiella. All isolates had the highest resistance to co-trimoxazole (62.5%), Ampicillin and Nalidixic acid.Conclusion: In this study, no association was found between the type of bacteria and urinary stone. From the variable bacteria isolated, the highest rate of E. coli (as an important pathogen) was confirmed. Also, most of the bacterial isolates were resistant to multiple antibiotics, although Amikacin and nitrofurantoin (as the empirical therapy in our hospital) were dominated.
Molecular Epidemiology
Farshad Kakian; Mohammad hoseein Rezaei; Masoud Amiri; saeid janabadi; behnam zamanzad; Abolfazle gholipour; Kourosh Naderi
Abstract
Background and aim: Klebsiella is an opportunistic organism that is the cause of many nosocomial infections. The present study was designed to investigate the molecular epidemiology of Verona integron-encoded metallo-β-lactamase (VIM) and Imipenemase (IMP)-producing Klebsiella isolates in ...
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Background and aim: Klebsiella is an opportunistic organism that is the cause of many nosocomial infections. The present study was designed to investigate the molecular epidemiology of Verona integron-encoded metallo-β-lactamase (VIM) and Imipenemase (IMP)-producing Klebsiella isolates in patients with urinary tract infection (UTI) in an educational hospitalin Shahrekord, in the center of Iran. Methods: In a cross-sectional study, from 234 urine samples, 80 isolates of Klebsiella were identified with biochemical tests. In order to determine the production of Metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs), Modified Hodge Test (MHT), EDTA Disc Synergy (EDS) test and AmpC disc test were performed. The frequency of VIM and IMP genes was determined after DNA-amplification with PCR by electrophoresis technique. Thereby, 16SrRNA was considered as an internal control in PCR.Results: Phenotypic tests showed that out of the 80 isolates, 18 (22. 5%), 18 (22. 5%) and 10 (12.5%) isolates were positive for MHT, EDS and AmpC disc test, respectively. Following DNA amplification by PCR, the genes of interest were analyzed by electrophoresis technique. The findings were as follows: 22 isolates (27.5%) carried the VIM gene, but the IMP gene was not found in any of the isolates. Conclusions: Expansion of Klebsiella strains that produce MBLs is a severe threat to health centers and public health. The findings of this study showed that Klebsiella may produce MBLs. These enzymes can in turn degrade carbapenem antibiotics, which are considered as a last resort in the treatment of multidrug-resistant (MDR) infections.
